Improvement in artesian-well borings



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Artesian Well Boring.

Patented April 22, 1873.

W: L nes s e s AM. PHom-mimsmrmcco. uxwwwmmoozssj UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM MGPHERSON, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

IMPROVEMENT IN ARTESIAN-WELL BORINGS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,174, dated April 22, 1873; application filed September 11, 1871.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MGPHERSON, of Manchester, in the county of Hillsborough and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain Improvements in Artesian-Well Apparatus, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to an apparatus, constructed as hereinafter described, for the purpose of sinking shafts for wells.

As will be seen on reference to my accompanying drawing, my invention consists of a derrick, A, twenty feet or upward in height; two timbers, B B, thirty feet in length, bolted together so that there shall remain an open space between them to allow the passage of the buckets and other tools used to discharge the water, sand, and gravel which accumulate in the tubes during the process of sinking them. The fulcrum of theselevers consists of a framework of timber, formed by two upright timbers, a cross -bar, and a beam at the bottom, which is buried in a trench dug for that purpose. Behind the frame-work of timbers a pole, fitted with a pulley for hoisting the buckets, is erected.

My manner of proceeding is as follows A suitable locality for a well having been selected, I dig a trencheight feet long, two feet wide, and four feet deep. In this trench I lay the beam or bottom of my frame-work of timbers. I then bolt the two uprights to the beam, insert the cross bar at the top, and then bolt the whole firmly together, fill up my trench, tamping the earth carefully around the timbers. I allow the frame-work to project above the top of the ground sufficiently to allow the ends of the levers to slide freely under the cross-bar of the frame-work. I next dig a hole in the ground about five feet long, four feet wide, and six feet deep. This excavation is to be made in a line at right angles with the frame-work; audit is in this that the wooden tube is placed in an upright position.

The derrick having been previously placed in position, the levers are raised, by means of the pulleys, to a sufficient height, so that it hangs suspended over the top of the tube. A

block, sufiiciently large to cover and overlap the top of the tube, with a hole perforated through it of the same size as the diameter of the inside of the tube, is placed upon the top of the tube. Upon the top of the block two pieces of five-inch square timber and about two feet in length are placed in a standing posture. The lever is lowered until it rests upon-the two u right timbers on top of the tube, and, by meal s of its weight, together with blocks of stone or other additional weight placed upon it, it gradually descends, and forces the tube into the earth. As soon as the tube has descended so that its top is nearly on a level with the bottom of the trench, an iron collar is placed around it, and another length of tube is connected with it. The levers are again brought to bear upon the top of this tube, and the process is continued.

In order to facilitate the sinking of the tube a workman stands upon the top of the levers directly over the tube, and directs thelowering and raising of a sand-bucket, which is inserted into the tube, and, by a churning motion communicated to it, it is soon filled with sand, gravel, and water, and is then Withdrawn and emptied of its contents. By this means the interior of tube is cleared of the sand and gravel, which rises as the tube descends. Thus length after length of pipe are connected and forced down, until the required depth is reached. In some localities fifty, and in others several hundred, feet indepth are required.

I claim as my invention- An apparatus for sinking shafts for wells, consisting of the two beams B B, secured together as shown, having their fulcrum in the frame 0, in combination with the derrick A, constructed as described, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

The above specification of my invention signed by me this 10th day of July, 1871.

' WILLIAM MOPHERSON.

Witnesses:

GEORGE S. PALMER, RICHARD J. P. Goonwnv. 

